Operating globally and within Brazil, Vale S.A. is a major producer and seller of essential raw materials, including iron ore, iron ore pellets, nickel, and copper. Its operations are organized into two primary segments. The Iron Solutions segment is dedicated to the extraction and production of iron ore, pellets, and various other ferrous products, also providing crucial logistics services. Meanwhile, the Energy Transition Materials segment specializes in mining nickel, along with its valuable by-products such as gold, silver, cobalt, and other precious metals. This segment also handles copper, primarily used in construction for piping and electrical cables. Established in 1942, the company was formerly known as Companhia Vale do Rio Doce before officially rebranding as Vale S.A. in May 2009. Vale S.A. is headquartered in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.